Author Biography: Philomena Murray is a Professor in the School of Social and Political Sciences at the University of Melbourne. Prof Murray in an expert on the European Union and on refugee externalisation policies. She is the Director of the International Research Network The Comparative Network on Refugee Externalisation Policies, consisting of seven universities, funded by the European Union. She works on the legitimacy challenges of refugee protection for states and regional bodies. She is a founder and a National Convenor of Academics for Refugees.